The first Saudi Arabia state
The history of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia goes back to the middle of the fifteenth century when the Grandfather of the family of the Saud family Manie bin Rabia al-Maridi migrated from the vicinity of Qatif to Najd where he settled and founded the city of Diriyah. saudi arabia began with the establishment of the first Saudi state (the Emirate of Diriyah) by Muhammad bin Saud in 1157 /1744 then he subsequently opened the Sultanate of Najd and then the Kingdom of the Hijaz and Najd to be under the name of Saudi Arabia After the unification of all its territories into one entity, and that was in 1351 / 23 September 1932.
First saudi arabia is ruled by various rulers as follow:
Imam Muhammad bin Saud bin Muqrin (1157 -1179 / 1744 -1765),Imam Abdulaziz bin Mohammed bin Saud (1179 -1218 / 1765 -1803)
Imam Saud bin Abdulaziz bin Mohammed bin Saud (1218-1229 /1803- 1814),Imam Abdullah bin Saud bin Abdulaziz bin Mohammed bin Saud (1229 -1233 / 1814-1818 ).

The Second Saudi State
Despite the destruction and devastation caused by the forces of Mohammed Ali led by Ibrahim Pasha in the middle of the Arabian Peninsulal like the destruction of Diriyah the and the destruction of many countries and the spread of fear in the areas of the Arabian Peninsula, but it was unable to eliminate the elements of the Saudi state, where the people in the desert and city serve their loyalty to the Saud family, which established the first Saudi state, and their appreciation for their treatment and wise leadership, and their advocacy of the Salafist call.
after two years, leaders of the Saud family returned to re-create the Saudi state. The first attempt was in 1235 / 1820 when Imam Mishari bin Saud tried to restore the Saudi rule in Diriyah in no more than few months then followed by a sussessful attempt by Imam Turki bin Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Saud in 1240 / 1824 led to the establishment The second Saudi state with Riyadh as its capital.

The second Saudi state continued on the same bases and foundations upon which the first Saudi state was based in terms of its reliance on Islam, the spread of security and stability, and the application of Islamic law. The administrative and financial systems were similar to those of the first Saudi state, and science and literature flourished under the second Saudi state.
In 1309 / 1891 Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal bin Turki left Riyadh after the differences between the sons of Imam Faisal bin Turki, and control of Mohammed bin Rashid and this is how the second saudi arabia ended.
On the fifth of the month of Shawwal 1319 AH corresponding to the fifteenth of January (1902), King Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman bin Faisal Al Saud was able to recover Riyadh and return to his family to start a new page of the history of Saudi Arabia.
This historic event is a major turning point in the history of the region as it led to the establishment of a modern Saudi state was able to unite most parts of the Arabian Peninsula, and achieve great cultural achievements in various fields.

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia lies in the far south-west of Asia, bordered by the Red Sea, the Arabian Gulf, the United Arab Emirates and Qatar, the north of Kuwait, Iraq and Jordan, and south Yemen and Oman.
Saudi Arabia occupies four fifths of the Arabian Peninsula with an area of more than 2.250.000 square kilometers.
The climate of the Kingdom differs from one region to another due to its different terrain. It is located under the influence of the tropical atmosphere. In general, its continental climate is warm summer, cold in the winter where winter rains and it is moderate on the western and southwestern highlands.

The beginning of education in Saudi Arabia officially dates back to 1932, and before that it was limited to so-called "Koranic school" . Currently, general education in Saudi Arabia starts from primary to intermediate to secondary education and is available to all residents in Saudi Arabia.
With the flourishing of social and economic life in the Kingdom, the culture of schooling has become widespread among most citizens. In a 1996 study, 61% of the children attend the general principles of education.
Islam is the official religion of the State of Saudi Arabia. All citizens must be Muslims. The laws of the country do not recognize or protect religious freedom.