overview
Qatar is one of Arab Gulf countries. Little is known of Qatar’s history before the 18th century, when the region’s population consisted largely of Bedouin nomads and there were only a few small fishing villages. Qatar’s modern history begins conventionally in 1766 with the migration to the peninsula of families from Kuwait, notably the Āl Khalīfah.
Their settlement at the new town of Al-Zubārah grew into a small pearl-diving and trade centre. In 1783 the Āl Khalīfah led the conquest of nearby Bahrain, where they remained the ruling family throughout the 20th century. Following the departure of the Āl Khalīfah from Qatar, the country was ruled by a series of transitory sheikhs, the most famous of whom was Raḥmah ibn Jābir al-Jalāhimah, who was regarded by the British as a leading pirate of the so-called Pirate Coast.
Qatar came to the attention of the British in 1867 when a dispute between the Bahraini Āl Khalīfah, who continued to hold some claim to Al-Zubārah, and the Qatari residents escalated into a major confrontation, in the course of which Doha was virtually destroyed. Until the attack, Britain had viewed Qatar as a Bahraini dependency. It then signed a separate treaty with Muḥammad ibn Thānī in 1868, setting the course both for Qatar’s future independence and for the rule of the Āl Thānī, who until the treaty were only one among several important families on the peninsula.

land & climate
Slightly smaller in area than the U.S. state of Connecticut, the Qatar peninsula is about 100 miles (160 km) from north to south, 50 miles (80 km) from east to west, and is generally rectangular in shape.
It shares a border with eastern Saudi Arabia where the peninsula connects to the mainland and is north and west of the United Arab Emirates. The island country of Bahrain lies some 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Qatar. A territorial dispute with Bahrain was resolved in 2001, when the International Court of Justice awarded the Ḥawār Islands (just off the coast of Qatar) to Bahrain and gave Qatar sovereignty over Janān Island and the ruined fortress-town of Al-Zubārah (on the Qatari mainland). That year Qatar also signed a final border demarcation agreement with Saudi Arabia.
The climate is hot and humid from June to September, with daytime temperatures as high as 122 °F (50 °C). The spring and fall months, April, May, October, and November are temperate, averaging about 63 °F (17 °C), and the winters are slightly cooler.

Language & Religion
Arabic is the official language, and most Qataris speak a dialect of Gulf Arabic similar to that spoken in surrounding states. Modern Standard Arabic is taught in schools, and English is commonly used. Among the large expatriate population, Persian and Urdu are often spoken.
Islam is the official religion, and Qataris are largely Sunni Muslims. There is a small Shīʿite minority. The ruling Āl Thānī (Thānī family) adheres to the same Wahhābī interpretation of Islam as the rulers of Saudi Arabia, though not as strictly. Women, for example, have greater freedom in Qatar than in Saudi Arabia.

Attractions
Qatar has a wealth of beauty and culture to offer people visiting from all over the world. Here is our list of the top beautiful places in Qatar.
The Katara Mosque is situated in the center of the Katara Cultural Village site, where some of the most beautiful architecture in the Middle East is just waiting to be seen.
Al- Zubarah Fortress is in the north, sand stretches ahead of you for miles before this ferocious fortress comes into sight.
Al Jassasiya is one of the most intriguing sites in Qatar. Its mystery lies in its petroglyphs – intricate and incomprehensible carvings in the stone that are incredibly rare. It is believed that these carvings are signs of some sort, and they feature shapes that represent animals, boats, and daisies.
The Al Wakra museum is a site that has some of the best architecture in Qatar. The exhibits in the museum are quite fascinating and feature ancient artifacts and the details of the history of Qatar.
The Museum of Islamic Art is located in the heart of a body of still, clear water. As you approach you will cross a bridge across the water and feel yourself being drawn in by the striking appearance of the museum.
The Museum of Islamic Art is located in the heart of a body of still, clear water. As you approach you will cross a bridge across the water and feel yourself being drawn in by the striking appearance of the museum.
The Corniche, Doha, If you are a lover of open fresh breeze, then the cornice would be the best place for you to spend some good time.
Qatar National Museum, Doha, The Qatar National Museum is another attraction for the Qatar visitors. The extraordinary building structure shows the architectural skill of the Qatar architects. This Museum was the Sheikh Abdullah Al- Thani’s palace.