Dust Bowl is the name given to the Great Plains region (southwest Kansas, Oklahoma Panhandle, Texas Panhandle, northeastern New Mexico, and southeastern Colorado) that was devastated for nearly a decade by drought and soil erosion during the 1930s.

Where huge dust storms devastated the region, ruined crops and made living there untenable; Millions of people were forced to leave their homes, often looking for work in the West, this environmental disaster that exacerbated the Great Depression, and was only alleviated after the rains returned in 1939 and soil conservation efforts began in earnest. The Great Plains were known for their rich, fertile soil that formed Thousands of years ago, however, in the aftermath of the Civil War, the cattle population of the plains grazing until it became semi-arid, overcrowded with cattle that fed on the grasses of the prairie.

Wheat was soon replaced by cattle locals, who settled in the Great Plains and over-cultivated the land, and by World War I so much wheat had grown that farmers plowed up to a mile of soil, and in the 1920s thousands of additional farmers migrated to The area, they tilled the pasture areas, then came the tractors that were fueled to clear what was left of the original prairie weeds.

With the decrease in heavy rains in the year 1930 AD, thus ending the unusual wet period. The drought began for eight years since 1931 AD, with temperatures higher than usual. The prevailing winds in the winter had their effects on the lands that were cleared, which are not protected from weeds, By 1932 a dust cloud 200 miles wide had risen from the ground, and topsoil known as a black blizzard covered everything in its path.

Fourteen of these black blizzards occurred in 1932, and there were 38 in 1933, and in 1934, 110 black blizzards occurred. Some of these black blizzards released large amounts of static electricity, without eating the green grasses the cattle starved and sold, people wore gauze masks and wet planks over their windows, but dust was entering homes as well.

With low oxygen, people were barely breathing, and dust accumulated like snow, burying homes and cars. The area was called “Dust Bowl,” a term coined by reporter Robert Geiger in 1935. Dust storms were larger, moving the powdery dust farther, affecting On more land, the Great Plains turned into a desert where more than 100 million acres of plowed farmland were lost.

In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt helped by creating the Drought Relief Campaign, which provided livestock purchases and food aid; However, this did not help the land. Plague and locusts spread, suffocation occurred, people infected with phlegm and pneumonia, and some died as a result of dust storms, especially children and the elderly.

With no rain for four years, thousands began to migrate in search of work on California farms and mass exodus began from the Great Plains. Not only did farmers emigrate, but businessmen, teachers, and medical professionals left when the town dried up, and it is estimated that by 1940, the 25 million people, and the 74th Congress passed the Soil Conservation Act, which President Roosevelt signed on April 27, 1935. In 1939, the rain finally came again, and with the rain and the new development of irrigation built to withstand drought, the land grew again to produce wheat.